Description
Introduction: Galectins belong to a family of related beta-galactoside-binding lectins, also referred to as S-type or S-Lac lectins. Members of this family have been implicated in a variety of functions, including growth regulation, cell adhesion, migration, neoplastic transformation, and immune responses. Galectin 7 is thought to be involved in cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions necessary for normal growth control. Galectin 7 has been implicated in apoptosis and is believed to upregulate MMP9 and as such be involved in the progression of tumorigenesis. The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins implicated in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Differential and in situ hybridizations indicate that this lectin is specifically expressed in keratinocytes. It is expressed at all stages of epidermal differentiation (i.e., in basal and suprabasal layers). The protein was found mainly in stratified squamous epithelium. It is moderately repressed by retinoic acid. The antigen localized to basal keratinocytes, although it was also found at lower levels in the suprabasal layers, where it concentrated to areas of cell-to-cell contact. The cellular localization and its striking down-regulation in cultured keratinocytes imply a role in cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions necessary for normal growth control.
Principle of the Assay: The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Gal-7. Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody preparation specific for Gal-7 and Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. Then a TMB (3,3',5,5' tetramethyl-benzidine) substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Gal-7, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of a sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm +/- 2 nm. The concentration of Gal-7 in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve